CCANADA
FACTBOOK
Canada FactbookDraft

November 2026 Edition

← Regions

Canada / province

Ontario

province · Administrative level 1. Regional chapter contents and subject sections follow below.

Geography reference: Effective date not supplied. System: administrative. [1] [2] [3] [4]

Relationship recorded by the source: administrative subdivision with Canada. Effective from: Not supplied; effective to: Not supplied. Source accessed: 2026-11-05; the relationship is recorded as observed in that source, and its historical effective date is not established.

Geography

Land area

Land area: 892,411.76 km² (2021 census geography) [2]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

People and Society

Sections in this chapter (46)
  1. Life expectancy at birth
  2. Population density
  3. Population
  4. Population estimate at reference date
  5. Population estimate at reference date
  6. Population estimate at reference date
  7. Population estimate at reference date
  8. Population estimate at reference date
  9. Population estimate at reference date
  10. Population estimate at reference date
  11. Population estimate at reference date
  12. Population estimate at reference date
  13. Population estimate at reference date
  14. Population estimate at reference date
  15. Population estimate at reference date
  16. Population estimate at reference date
  17. Population estimate at reference date
  18. Population estimate at reference date
  19. Population estimate at reference date
  20. Population estimate at reference date
  21. Population estimate at reference date
  22. Population estimate at reference date
  23. Population estimate at reference date
  24. Population estimate at reference date
  25. Population estimate at reference date
  26. Population estimate at reference date
  27. Population estimate at reference date
  28. Population estimate at reference date
  29. Population estimate at reference date
  30. Population estimate at reference date
  31. Population estimate at reference date
  32. Population estimate at reference date
  33. Population estimate at reference date
  34. Population estimate at reference date
  35. Population estimate at reference date
  36. Population estimate at reference date
  37. Population estimate at reference date
  38. Population estimate at reference date
  39. Population estimate at reference date
  40. Population estimate at reference date
  41. Population estimate at reference date
  42. Population estimate at reference date
  43. Population estimate at reference date
  44. Population estimate at reference date
  45. Population estimate at reference date
  46. Population estimate at reference date

Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy at birth: 82.5 years (2022–2024) [5]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population density

Population density: 15.9 people per km² (2021 census geography) [2]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population

Population: 14,223,942 people (2021-05-11) [2]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1979-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1952-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1983-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1978-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1993-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1961-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1986-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1993-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1984-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1964-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2011-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1966-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2018-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2004-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2002-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1953-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2006-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1992-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2000-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2024-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2026-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2017-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1985-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1990-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1968-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2022-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1970-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1982-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1989-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1951-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1987-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2004-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1961-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2005-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1967-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1975-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2020-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1954-Q3) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1958-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1977-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (2020-Q2) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1997-Q4) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Population estimate at reference date

Population estimate at reference date: (1994-Q1) [7]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Economy

GDP at market prices

GDP at market prices: 1,258,597 million current Canadian dollars (2025) [6]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Additional observations

Sections in this chapter (2)
  1. Occupied private dwellings
  2. Postsecondary credential

Occupied private dwellings

Occupied private dwellings: 5,491,201 dwellings (2021-05-11) [2]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Postsecondary credential

Postsecondary credential: 67.8 percent (2021 Census) [4]
Source context

Reference period: As stated in each note.

Source metadata not supplied.

Languages

Sections in this chapter (4)
  1. Reference text
  2. Mother tongue
  3. Language spoken most often at home
  4. Knowledge of languages

Reference text

All published categories in selected source tables for 13 provinces and territories, not an exhaustive list of every language spoken. Categories include hierarchies and aggregate labels; never add parents to their children. Multiple responses and language knowledge can overlap; these are not mutually exclusive population shares. Null values and source symbols are preserved; zero is not imputed for suppression. Published categories may group languages as other, not included elsewhere, or unspecified. Mother tongue and language most often at home exclude institutional residents; knowledge uses the 25% sample private-household universe. Source ZIP metadata retains footnotes, data-quality notes, category hierarchy and confidentiality rules. The 2022-09-07 knowledge-of-languages correction is recorded in the source register and official table page; the archived ZIP correction section is empty. (2021 Census) [8] [9] [10]
Source context

Reference period: 2021 Census.

Source [8]

Source [9]

Source [10]

Mother tongue

331 published categories. Parent categories and response classes overlap; they are not a count of unique languages.

2021 Census · All persons excluding institutional residents, 100% data

Selected source response: Total - Knowledge of official languages[1]

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated reserves or settlements.

  1. Total - Mother tongue: 14,099,790

    Source notes: [7] [8]

  2. Single responses: 13,430,610

  3. Official languages: 9,642,775

  4. English: 9,179,660

  5. French: 463,115

  6. Non-official languages: 3,787,835

  7. Indigenous languages: 14,470

    Source notes: [11]

  8. Algonquian languages: 13,545

  9. Blackfoot: 10

  10. Cree-Innu languages: 2,820

  11. Atikamekw: 10

  12. Cree languages: 2,795

  13. Ililimowin (Moose Cree): 125

  14. Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree): 0

  15. Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree): 55

  16. Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree): 555

  17. Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree): 30

  18. Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree): 45

  19. Cree, n.o.s.: 1,980

  20. Innu (Montagnais): 5

  21. Naskapi: 10

  22. Eastern Algonquian languages: 65

  23. Mi'kmaq: 60

  24. Wolastoqewi (Malecite): 10

  25. Ojibway-Potawatomi languages: 10,645

  26. Anicinabemowin (Algonquin): 40

  27. Oji-Cree: 4,245

  28. Ojibway languages: 6,365

  29. Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa): 275

  30. Daawaamwin (Odawa): 70

  31. Saulteau (Western Ojibway): 30

  32. Ojibway, n.o.s.: 5,995

  33. Algonquian languages, n.i.e.: 5

  34. Athabaskan languages: 30

  35. Northern Athabaskan languages: 25

  36. Dakelh (Carrier): 0

  37. Dane-zaa (Beaver): 0

  38. Dene, n.o.s.: 15

  39. Gwich'in: 5

  40. Slavey-Hare languages: 5

  41. Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey): 0

  42. Satuotine Yati (North Slavey): 5

  43. Slavey, n.o.s.: 0

  44. Tahltan languages: 0

  45. Kaska (Nahani): 0

  46. Tahltan: 0

  47. Tlicho (Dogrib): 0

  48. Tse'khene (Sekani): 0

  49. Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin): 5

  50. Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi): 0

  51. Tutchone languages: 0

  52. Northern Tutchone: 0

  53. Southern Tutchone: 0

  54. Tutchone, n.o.s.: 0

  55. Wetsuwet'en-Babine: 0

  56. Tlingit: 0

  57. Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.: 0

  58. Haida: 0

  59. Inuktut (Inuit) languages: 510

  60. Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun): 5

  61. Inuinnaqtun: 5

  62. Inuvialuktun: 0

  63. Inuktitut: 500

  64. Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.: 0

  65. Iroquoian languages: 265

  66. Cayuga: 30

  67. Mohawk: 195

  68. Oneida: 40

  69. Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.: 5

  70. Ktunaxa (Kutenai): 0

  71. Michif: 15

  72. Salish languages: 5

  73. Halkomelem: 5

  74. Lillooet: 0

  75. Ntlakapamux (Thompson): 0

  76. Secwepemctsin (Shuswap): 0

  77. Squamish: 0

  78. Straits: 0

  79. Syilx (Okanagan): 0

  80. Salish languages, n.i.e.: 0

  81. Siouan languages: 15

  82. Assiniboine: 0

  83. Dakota: 0

  84. Stoney: 0

  85. Siouan languages, n.i.e.: 10

  86. Tsimshian languages: 10

  87. Gitxsan (Gitksan): 5

  88. Nisga'a: 5

  89. Tsimshian: 0

  90. Wakashan languages: 0

  91. Haisla: 0

  92. Heiltsuk: 0

  93. Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl): 0

  94. Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka): 0

  95. Wakashan languages, n.i.e.: 0

  96. Indigenous languages, n.i.e.: 5

  97. Indigenous languages, n.o.s.: 65

  98. Non-Indigenous languages: 3,773,365

  99. Afro-Asiatic languages: 310,760

  100. Berber languages: 855

  101. Kabyle: 580

  102. Tamazight: 215

  103. Berber languages, n.i.e.: 60

  104. Chadic languages: 630

  105. Hausa: 565

  106. Mina: 75

  107. Coptic: 535

  108. Cushitic languages: 27,580

  109. Bilen: 930

  110. Oromo: 1,545

  111. Somali: 24,700

  112. Cushitic languages, n.i.e.: 405

  113. Semitic languages: 281,165

  114. Amharic: 12,490

  115. Arabic: 214,225

  116. Aramaic languages: 24,110

  117. Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: 15,665

  118. Chaldean Neo-Aramaic: 7,480

  119. Aramaic, n.o.s.: 960

  120. Harari: 970

  121. Hebrew: 11,635

  122. Maltese: 4,125

  123. Tigrigna: 13,365

  124. Semitic languages, n.i.e.: 255

  125. Austro-Asiatic languages: 84,300

  126. Khmer (Cambodian): 7,070

  127. Vietnamese: 77,090

  128. Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e: 140

  129. Austronesian languages: 208,395

  130. Bikol: 680

  131. Bisaya, n.o.s.: 2,740

  132. Cebuano: 5,900

  133. Fijian: 45

  134. Hiligaynon: 3,775

  135. Ilocano: 14,680

  136. Indonesian: 5,445

  137. Kankanaey: 370

  138. Kinaray-a: 275

  139. Malagasy languages: 125

  140. Merina: 30

  141. Malagasy, n.o.s.: 95

  142. Malay: 545

  143. Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango): 1,915

  144. Pangasinan: 750

  145. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino): 168,850

  146. Waray-Waray: 595

  147. Austronesian languages, n.i.e.: 1,710

  148. Creole languages: 11,685

  149. Haitian Creole: 5,160

  150. Jamaican English Creole: 430

  151. Krio: 290

  152. Morisyen: 1,985

  153. Sango: 45

  154. Creole, n.o.s.: 2,690

  155. Creole languages, n.i.e.: 1,080

  156. Dravidian languages: 185,140

  157. Kannada: 4,330

  158. Malayalam: 32,810

  159. Tamil: 126,640

  160. Telugu: 20,715

  161. Tulu: 415

  162. Dravidian languages, n.i.e.: 240

  163. Georgian: 1,650

  164. Hmong-Mien languages: 480

  165. Indo-European languages: 2,119,605

  166. Albanian: 20,720

  167. Armenian: 14,680

  168. Balto-Slavic languages: 377,900

  169. Baltic languages: 7,425

  170. Latvian: 3,055

  171. Lithuanian: 4,370

  172. Slavic languages: 370,475

  173. Belarusian: 440

  174. Bulgarian: 8,565

  175. Czech: 9,060

  176. Macedonian: 13,625

  177. Polish: 106,280

  178. Russian: 104,305

  179. Rusyn: 225

  180. Serbo-Croatian: 77,150

  181. Bosnian: 7,140

  182. Croatian: 28,385

  183. Serbian: 40,465

  184. Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.: 1,160

  185. Slovak: 8,675

  186. Slovene (Slovenian): 5,525

  187. Ukrainian: 36,345

  188. Slavic languages, n.i.e.: 285

  189. Celtic languages: 795

  190. Irish: 225

  191. Scottish Gaelic: 170

  192. Welsh: 320

  193. Celtic languages, n.i.e.: 80

  194. Germanic languages: 167,270

  195. Frisian: 970

  196. High German languages: 102,915

  197. German: 89,070

  198. Pennsylvania German: 8,895

  199. Swiss German: 2,395

  200. Yiddish: 2,550

  201. Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages: 56,725

  202. Afrikaans: 2,865

  203. Dutch: 41,245

  204. Low German, n.o.s.: 1,930

  205. Low Saxon: 445

  206. Plautdietsch: 8,615

  207. Vlaams (Flemish): 1,630

  208. Scandinavian languages: 6,435

  209. Danish: 3,375

  210. Icelandic: 180

  211. Norwegian: 795

  212. Swedish: 2,085

  213. Germanic languages, n.i.e.: 220

  214. Greek: 47,975

  215. Indo-Iranian languages: 884,990

  216. Indo-Aryan languages: 715,085

  217. Assamese: 325

  218. Bengali: 54,990

  219. Gujarati: 95,785

  220. Hindi: 87,030

  221. Kacchi: 3,880

  222. Kashmiri: 460

  223. Konkani: 2,600

  224. Marathi: 9,460

  225. Nepali: 12,430

  226. Oriya languages: 1,325

  227. Odia: 830

  228. Oriya, n.o.s.: 495

  229. Punjabi (Panjabi): 260,080

  230. Rohingya: 290

  231. Sindhi: 2,675

  232. Sinhala (Sinhalese): 11,045

  233. Urdu: 170,960

  234. Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.: 1,755

  235. Iranian languages: 169,765

  236. Baluchi: 335

  237. Kurdish: 9,125

  238. Parsi: 325

  239. Pashto: 12,780

  240. Persian languages: 146,700

  241. Dari: 34,340

  242. Iranian Persian: 97,135

  243. Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.: 15,225

  244. Iranian languages, n.i.e.: 500

  245. Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.: 150

  246. Italic (Romance) languages: 605,075

  247. Catalan: 280

  248. Italian: 194,125

  249. Portuguese: 153,750

  250. Romanian: 38,950

  251. Spanish: 217,245

  252. Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.: 715

  253. Indo-European languages, n.i.e.: 200

  254. Japanese: 12,880

  255. Korean: 75,225

  256. Mongolian: 535

  257. Niger-Congo languages: 42,475

  258. Akan (Twi): 9,320

  259. Bamanankan: 185

  260. Edo: 1,165

  261. Éwé: 480

  262. Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde): 475

  263. Ga: 510

  264. Ganda: 1,195

  265. Gikuyu: 460

  266. Igbo: 2,390

  267. Kinyarwanda (Rwanda): 1,915

  268. Lingala: 825

  269. Luba-Kasai: 140

  270. Mòoré: 55

  271. Mwani: 350

  272. Ndebele: 340

  273. Rundi (Kirundi): 2,705

  274. Shona: 1,585

  275. Soninke: 190

  276. Sotho-Tswana languages: 235

  277. Swahili: 6,450

  278. Wojenaka: 55

  279. Wolof: 460

  280. Yoruba: 7,340

  281. Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.: 3,655

  282. Nilo-Saharan languages: 1,935

  283. Dinka: 320

  284. Nuer: 325

  285. Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.: 1,125

  286. African, n.o.s.: 165

  287. Sign languages: 2,780

  288. American Sign Language: 2,360

  289. Quebec Sign Language: 35

  290. Sign languages, n.i.e.: 380

  291. Sino-Tibetan languages: 632,255

  292. Chinese languages: 621,985

  293. Hakka: 6,210

  294. Mandarin: 327,470

  295. Min Dong: 1,020

  296. Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese): 10,285

  297. Wu (Shanghainese): 4,190

  298. Yue (Cantonese): 267,430

  299. Chinese, n.o.s.: 5,080

  300. Chinese languages, n.i.e.: 300

  301. Tibeto-Burman languages: 9,995

  302. Burmese: 1,545

  303. Kuki-Chin languages: 440

  304. Karenic languages: 1,765

  305. S'gaw Karen: 1,530

  306. Karenic languages, n.i.e.: 235

  307. Tibetan: 5,785

  308. Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.: 465

  309. Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.: 275

  310. Tai-Kadai languages: 8,270

  311. Lao: 4,565

  312. Thai: 3,535

  313. Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.: 160

  314. Turkic languages: 32,270

  315. Azerbaijani: 2,865

  316. Kazakh: 255

  317. Turkish: 26,740

  318. Uyghur: 720

  319. Uzbek: 1,080

  320. Turkic languages, n.i.e.: 610

  321. Uralic languages: 42,270

  322. Estonian: 3,450

  323. Finnish: 7,655

  324. Hungarian: 31,170

  325. Other languages, n.i.e.: 460

  326. Multiple responses: 669,180

  327. English and French: 96,260

  328. English and non-official language(s): 494,610

  329. French and non-official language(s): 15,710

  330. English, French and non-official language(s): 16,770

  331. Multiple non-official languages: 45,830

Source notes and qualifications

Source research status: draft-partial. Recorded review flag: pending-independent-review.

Categories include hierarchies and aggregate labels; never add parents to their children.

Multiple responses and language knowledge can overlap; these are not mutually exclusive population shares.

Null values and source symbols are preserved; zero is not imputed for suppression.

Published categories may group languages as other, not included elsewhere, or unspecified.

Mother tongue and language most often at home exclude institutional residents; knowledge uses the 25% sample private-household universe.

Source ZIP metadata retains footnotes, data-quality notes, category hierarchy and confidentiality rules. The 2022-09-07 knowledge-of-languages correction is recorded in the source register and official table page; the archived ZIP correction section is empty.

[1] Gender Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman). Gender includes the following concepts: gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually; gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (e.g., clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender. A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's licence. A person's gender may change over time. Some people may not identify with a specific gender.

[2] Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is sometimes necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. In these cases, individuals in the category “non-binary persons” are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the “+” symbol.

[3] This category includes men and boys, as well as some non-binary persons.

[4] This category includes women and girls, as well as some non-binary persons.

[5] Age 'Age' refers to the age of a person (or subject) of interest at last birthday (or relative to a specified, well-defined reference date).

[6] Mother tongue Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned more than one language at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has more than one mother tongue only if they learned these languages at the same time, and still understands them. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. A child who has not yet learned to speak has more than one mother tongue only if these languages are spoken to them equally often so that the child learns these languages at the same time.

[7] For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

[8] n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

[9] Knowledge of official languages Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

[10] For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

[11] Users should be aware that estimates associated with Indigenous languages are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

Source metadata record
{
  "path": "evidence/mother-tongue-metadata.csv",
  "sha256": "9def30bc3c986e0f9bc163b25d51ce1fa5eece0b4849e185a26ba0d79ba47a3b"
}
Source context

Reference period: 2021 Census.

All persons excluding institutional residents, 100% data

Source [8]

source Extract Sha256
1d8a83bf1753fb1897c1ef5d1d6aa3b4fbbfc521649b4260da928c990a5d2592
source Register Sha256
1da486b30b041d39f224390d341663cb94a30ded4089945fb1196a00a09ccbf4
original Source Notes Sha256
d3e7430dc38ab5713443a9401b84de292865c0d40147f4a1e68a1f79b4424850

Language spoken most often at home

331 published categories. Parent categories and response classes overlap; they are not a count of unique languages.

2021 Census · All persons excluding institutional residents, 100% data

Selected source response: Total - First official language spoken[1]

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated reserves or settlements.

  1. Total - Language spoken most often at home: 14,099,790

    Source notes: [7] [8]

  2. Single responses: 13,384,690

  3. Official languages: 11,165,430

  4. English: 10,910,565

  5. French: 254,865

  6. Non-official languages: 2,219,265

  7. Indigenous languages: 5,710

    Source notes: [11]

  8. Algonquian languages: 5,435

  9. Blackfoot: 0

  10. Cree-Innu languages: 1,230

  11. Atikamekw: 0

  12. Cree languages: 1,220

  13. Ililimowin (Moose Cree): 30

  14. Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree): 0

  15. Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree): 15

  16. Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree): 135

  17. Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree): 5

  18. Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree): 20

  19. Cree, n.o.s.: 1,020

  20. Innu (Montagnais): 0

  21. Naskapi: 5

  22. Eastern Algonquian languages: 20

  23. Mi'kmaq: 20

  24. Wolastoqewi (Malecite): 0

  25. Ojibway-Potawatomi languages: 4,185

  26. Anicinabemowin (Algonquin): 5

  27. Oji-Cree: 1,980

  28. Ojibway languages: 2,190

  29. Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa): 95

  30. Daawaamwin (Odawa): 20

  31. Saulteau (Western Ojibway): 0

  32. Ojibway, n.o.s.: 2,075

  33. Algonquian languages, n.i.e.: 0

  34. Athabaskan languages: 15

  35. Northern Athabaskan languages: 15

  36. Dakelh (Carrier): 0

  37. Dane-zaa (Beaver): 0

  38. Dene, n.o.s.: 5

  39. Gwich'in: 5

  40. Slavey-Hare languages: 0

  41. Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey): 0

  42. Satuotine Yati (North Slavey): 0

  43. Slavey, n.o.s.: 0

  44. Tahltan languages: 0

  45. Kaska (Nahani): 0

  46. Tahltan: 0

  47. Tlicho (Dogrib): 0

  48. Tse'khene (Sekani): 0

  49. Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin): 0

  50. Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi): 0

  51. Tutchone languages: 0

  52. Northern Tutchone: 0

  53. Southern Tutchone: 0

  54. Tutchone, n.o.s.: 0

  55. Wetsuwet'en-Babine: 5

  56. Tlingit: 0

  57. Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.: 0

  58. Haida: 0

  59. Inuktut (Inuit) languages: 150

  60. Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun): 0

  61. Inuinnaqtun: 0

  62. Inuvialuktun: 0

  63. Inuktitut: 150

  64. Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.: 0

  65. Iroquoian languages: 75

  66. Cayuga: 10

  67. Mohawk: 45

  68. Oneida: 20

  69. Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.: 0

  70. Ktunaxa (Kutenai): 0

  71. Michif: 15

  72. Salish languages: 5

  73. Halkomelem: 0

  74. Lillooet: 0

  75. Ntlakapamux (Thompson): 0

  76. Secwepemctsin (Shuswap): 0

  77. Squamish: 0

  78. Straits: 0

  79. Syilx (Okanagan): 0

  80. Salish languages, n.i.e.: 0

  81. Siouan languages: 5

  82. Assiniboine: 0

  83. Dakota: 0

  84. Stoney: 0

  85. Siouan languages, n.i.e.: 0

  86. Tsimshian languages: 0

  87. Gitxsan (Gitksan): 0

  88. Nisga'a: 0

  89. Tsimshian: 0

  90. Wakashan languages: 0

  91. Haisla: 0

  92. Heiltsuk: 0

  93. Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl): 0

  94. Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka): 0

  95. Wakashan languages, n.i.e.: 0

  96. Indigenous languages, n.i.e.: 0

  97. Indigenous languages, n.o.s.: 5

  98. Non-Indigenous languages: 2,213,560

  99. Afro-Asiatic languages: 181,660

  100. Berber languages: 365

  101. Kabyle: 220

  102. Tamazight: 100

  103. Berber languages, n.i.e.: 45

  104. Chadic languages: 350

  105. Hausa: 325

  106. Mina: 30

  107. Coptic: 255

  108. Cushitic languages: 16,100

  109. Bilen: 800

  110. Oromo: 845

  111. Somali: 14,230

  112. Cushitic languages, n.i.e.: 230

  113. Semitic languages: 164,585

  114. Amharic: 6,410

  115. Arabic: 124,865

  116. Aramaic languages: 18,120

  117. Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: 11,870

  118. Chaldean Neo-Aramaic: 5,545

  119. Aramaic, n.o.s.: 700

  120. Harari: 520

  121. Hebrew: 4,920

  122. Maltese: 765

  123. Tigrigna: 8,870

  124. Semitic languages, n.i.e.: 115

  125. Austro-Asiatic languages: 55,985

  126. Khmer (Cambodian): 3,855

  127. Vietnamese: 52,075

  128. Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e: 50

  129. Austronesian languages: 115,225

  130. Bikol: 255

  131. Bisaya, n.o.s.: 1,360

  132. Cebuano: 3,145

  133. Fijian: 20

  134. Hiligaynon: 1,960

  135. Ilocano: 8,105

  136. Indonesian: 1,985

  137. Kankanaey: 210

  138. Kinaray-a: 115

  139. Malagasy languages: 45

  140. Merina: 15

  141. Malagasy, n.o.s.: 30

  142. Malay: 130

  143. Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango): 990

  144. Pangasinan: 255

  145. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino): 95,635

  146. Waray-Waray: 230

  147. Austronesian languages, n.i.e.: 785

  148. Creole languages: 6,165

  149. Haitian Creole: 2,640

  150. Jamaican English Creole: 195

  151. Krio: 140

  152. Morisyen: 1,420

  153. Sango: 30

  154. Creole, n.o.s.: 1,320

  155. Creole languages, n.i.e.: 425

  156. Dravidian languages: 129,240

  157. Kannada: 2,165

  158. Malayalam: 20,855

  159. Tamil: 93,165

  160. Telugu: 12,800

  161. Tulu: 145

  162. Dravidian languages, n.i.e.: 110

  163. Georgian: 1,040

  164. Hmong-Mien languages: 185

  165. Indo-European languages: 1,136,460

  166. Albanian: 9,880

  167. Armenian: 8,585

  168. Balto-Slavic languages: 181,290

  169. Baltic languages: 1,640

  170. Latvian: 535

  171. Lithuanian: 1,105

  172. Slavic languages: 179,645

  173. Belarusian: 140

  174. Bulgarian: 4,100

  175. Czech: 2,550

  176. Macedonian: 5,540

  177. Polish: 45,800

  178. Russian: 66,045

  179. Rusyn: 120

  180. Serbo-Croatian: 35,980

  181. Bosnian: 3,450

  182. Croatian: 9,990

  183. Serbian: 22,140

  184. Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.: 400

  185. Slovak: 3,075

  186. Slovene (Slovenian): 1,000

  187. Ukrainian: 15,230

  188. Slavic languages, n.i.e.: 65

  189. Celtic languages: 145

  190. Irish: 60

  191. Scottish Gaelic: 30

  192. Welsh: 40

  193. Celtic languages, n.i.e.: 10

  194. Germanic languages: 40,595

  195. Frisian: 85

  196. High German languages: 28,665

  197. German: 20,685

  198. Pennsylvania German: 7,180

  199. Swiss German: 560

  200. Yiddish: 250

  201. Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages: 11,190

  202. Afrikaans: 1,175

  203. Dutch: 4,055

  204. Low German, n.o.s.: 1,265

  205. Low Saxon: 185

  206. Plautdietsch: 4,415

  207. Vlaams (Flemish): 95

  208. Scandinavian languages: 620

  209. Danish: 210

  210. Icelandic: 35

  211. Norwegian: 70

  212. Swedish: 310

  213. Germanic languages, n.i.e.: 40

  214. Greek: 19,065

  215. Indo-Iranian languages: 601,600

  216. Indo-Aryan languages: 487,540

  217. Assamese: 145

  218. Bengali: 34,830

  219. Gujarati: 63,140

  220. Hindi: 52,425

  221. Kacchi: 1,655

  222. Kashmiri: 145

  223. Konkani: 640

  224. Marathi: 4,970

  225. Nepali: 8,905

  226. Oriya languages: 655

  227. Odia: 425

  228. Oriya, n.o.s.: 235

  229. Punjabi (Panjabi): 198,670

  230. Rohingya: 215

  231. Sindhi: 1,395

  232. Sinhala (Sinhalese): 5,795

  233. Urdu: 113,025

  234. Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.: 925

  235. Iranian languages: 114,000

  236. Baluchi: 200

  237. Kurdish: 5,560

  238. Parsi: 170

  239. Pashto: 8,675

  240. Persian languages: 99,095

  241. Dari: 21,150

  242. Iranian Persian: 67,320

  243. Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.: 10,625

  244. Iranian languages, n.i.e.: 310

  245. Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.: 60

  246. Italic (Romance) languages: 275,210

  247. Catalan: 110

  248. Italian: 58,675

  249. Portuguese: 74,740

  250. Romanian: 17,755

  251. Spanish: 123,690

  252. Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.: 240

  253. Indo-European languages, n.i.e.: 85

  254. Japanese: 5,875

  255. Korean: 53,585

  256. Mongolian: 290

  257. Niger-Congo languages: 16,065

  258. Akan (Twi): 4,370

  259. Bamanankan: 80

  260. Edo: 270

  261. Éwé: 115

  262. Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde): 220

  263. Ga: 170

  264. Ganda: 345

  265. Gikuyu: 65

  266. Igbo: 660

  267. Kinyarwanda (Rwanda): 775

  268. Lingala: 330

  269. Luba-Kasai: 40

  270. Mòoré: 15

  271. Mwani: 80

  272. Ndebele: 120

  273. Rundi (Kirundi): 1,375

  274. Shona: 445

  275. Soninke: 100

  276. Sotho-Tswana languages: 55

  277. Swahili: 2,775

  278. Wojenaka: 35

  279. Wolof: 160

  280. Yoruba: 2,640

  281. Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.: 835

  282. Nilo-Saharan languages: 825

  283. Dinka: 130

  284. Nuer: 190

  285. Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.: 460

  286. African, n.o.s.: 45

  287. Sign languages: 5,010

  288. American Sign Language: 3,925

  289. Quebec Sign Language: 55

  290. Sign languages, n.i.e.: 1,035

  291. Sino-Tibetan languages: 469,325

  292. Chinese languages: 461,865

  293. Hakka: 2,540

  294. Mandarin: 253,860

  295. Min Dong: 650

  296. Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese): 4,890

  297. Wu (Shanghainese): 2,765

  298. Yue (Cantonese): 193,955

  299. Chinese, n.o.s.: 3,090

  300. Chinese languages, n.i.e.: 110

  301. Tibeto-Burman languages: 7,305

  302. Burmese: 960

  303. Kuki-Chin languages: 305

  304. Karenic languages: 1,275

  305. S'gaw Karen: 1,105

  306. Karenic languages, n.i.e.: 165

  307. Tibetan: 4,545

  308. Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.: 225

  309. Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.: 145

  310. Tai-Kadai languages: 3,995

  311. Lao: 2,390

  312. Thai: 1,520

  313. Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.: 90

  314. Turkic languages: 19,970

  315. Azerbaijani: 1,450

  316. Kazakh: 35

  317. Turkish: 17,160

  318. Uyghur: 495

  319. Uzbek: 580

  320. Turkic languages, n.i.e.: 250

  321. Uralic languages: 12,465

  322. Estonian: 485

  323. Finnish: 1,140

  324. Hungarian: 10,840

  325. Other languages, n.i.e.: 190

  326. Multiple responses: 715,095

  327. English and French: 59,725

  328. English and non-official language(s): 624,265

  329. French and non-official language(s): 6,480

  330. English, French and non-official language(s): 12,185

  331. Multiple non-official languages: 12,445

Source notes and qualifications

Source research status: draft-partial. Recorded review flag: pending-independent-review.

Categories include hierarchies and aggregate labels; never add parents to their children.

Multiple responses and language knowledge can overlap; these are not mutually exclusive population shares.

Null values and source symbols are preserved; zero is not imputed for suppression.

Published categories may group languages as other, not included elsewhere, or unspecified.

Mother tongue and language most often at home exclude institutional residents; knowledge uses the 25% sample private-household universe.

Source ZIP metadata retains footnotes, data-quality notes, category hierarchy and confidentiality rules. The 2022-09-07 knowledge-of-languages correction is recorded in the source register and official table page; the archived ZIP correction section is empty.

[1] Gender Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman). Gender includes the following concepts: gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually; gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (e.g., clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender. A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's licence. A person's gender may change over time. Some people may not identify with a specific gender.

[2] Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is sometimes necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. In these cases, individuals in the category “non-binary persons” are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the “+” symbol.

[3] This category includes men and boys, as well as some non-binary persons.

[4] This category includes women and girls, as well as some non-binary persons.

[5] Age 'Age' refers to the age of a person (or subject) of interest at last birthday (or relative to a specified, well-defined reference date).

[6] Language spoken most often at home Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as spoken most often at home if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which they feel most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where more than one language is spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If more than one language is spoken equally often to the child, then these languages are included here.

[7] For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

[8] n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

[9] First official language spoken First official language spoken refers to the first official language (English or French) spoken by the person.

[10] For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

[11] Users should be aware that estimates associated with Indigenous languages are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

Source metadata record
{
  "path": "evidence/home-language-metadata.csv",
  "sha256": "58f0db15bbd8cfe1df94f12f92e490ad70f33d83c6b8912da0145d0a4d2a60b4"
}
Source context

Reference period: 2021 Census.

All persons excluding institutional residents, 100% data

Source [9]

source Extract Sha256
1d8a83bf1753fb1897c1ef5d1d6aa3b4fbbfc521649b4260da928c990a5d2592
source Register Sha256
1da486b30b041d39f224390d341663cb94a30ded4089945fb1196a00a09ccbf4
original Source Notes Sha256
d3e7430dc38ab5713443a9401b84de292865c0d40147f4a1e68a1f79b4424850

Knowledge of languages

324 published categories. Parent categories and response classes overlap; they are not a count of unique languages.

2021 Census · Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 25% sample

Response labels: Total = Total - Single and multiple responses of knowledge of languages[1]; Single = Single responses of knowledge of languages[2]; Multiple = Multiple responses of knowledge of languages[3]

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated reserves or settlements.

  1. Total - Knowledge of languages — Total: 14,031,750

    Source notes: [7] [8]

  2. Total - Knowledge of languages — Single: 8,176,430

    Source notes: [7] [8]

  3. Total - Knowledge of languages — Multiple: 5,855,325

    Source notes: [7] [8]

  4. Official languages — Total: 13,688,615

  5. Official languages — Single: 7,887,150

  6. Official languages — Multiple: 5,801,470

  7. English — Total: 13,650,230

  8. English — Single: 7,860,770

  9. English — Multiple: 5,789,460

  10. French — Total: 1,550,545

  11. French — Single: 26,375

  12. French — Multiple: 1,524,175

  13. Non-official languages — Total: 5,058,180

  14. Non-official languages — Single: 289,280

  15. Non-official languages — Multiple: 4,768,900

  16. Indigenous languages — Total: 29,850

    Source notes: [14]

  17. Indigenous languages — Single: 235

    Source notes: [14]

  18. Indigenous languages — Multiple: 29,620

    Source notes: [14]

  19. Algonquian languages — Total: 26,775

  20. Algonquian languages — Single: 215

  21. Algonquian languages — Multiple: 26,560

  22. Blackfoot — Total: 10

  23. Blackfoot — Single: 0

  24. Blackfoot — Multiple: 10

  25. Cree-Innu languages — Total: 5,210

  26. Cree-Innu languages — Single: 25

  27. Cree-Innu languages — Multiple: 5,185

  28. Atikamekw — Total: 15

  29. Atikamekw — Single: 0

  30. Atikamekw — Multiple: 15

  31. Cree languages — Total: 5,155

  32. Cree languages — Single: 25

  33. Cree languages — Multiple: 5,135

  34. Ililimowin (Moose Cree) — Total: 335

  35. Ililimowin (Moose Cree) — Single: 0

  36. Ililimowin (Moose Cree) — Multiple: 335

  37. Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) — Total: 10

  38. Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) — Single: 0

  39. Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree) — Multiple: 10

  40. Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) — Total: 195

  41. Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) — Single: 0

  42. Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree) — Multiple: 195

  43. Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) — Total: 1,165

  44. Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) — Single: 10

  45. Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree) — Multiple: 1,150

  46. Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) — Total: 135

  47. Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) — Single: 0

  48. Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree) — Multiple: 135

  49. Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) — Total: 95

  50. Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) — Single: 0

  51. Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree) — Multiple: 95

  52. Cree, n.o.s. — Total: 3,340

  53. Cree, n.o.s. — Single: 10

  54. Cree, n.o.s. — Multiple: 3,330

  55. Innu (Montagnais) — Total: 20

  56. Innu (Montagnais) — Single: 0

  57. Innu (Montagnais) — Multiple: 20

  58. Naskapi — Total: 20

  59. Naskapi — Single: 0

  60. Naskapi — Multiple: 20

  61. Eastern Algonquian languages — Total: 290

  62. Eastern Algonquian languages — Single: 0

  63. Eastern Algonquian languages — Multiple: 290

  64. Mi'kmaq — Total: 255

  65. Mi'kmaq — Single: 0

  66. Mi'kmaq — Multiple: 255

  67. Wolastoqewi (Malecite) — Total: 40

  68. Wolastoqewi (Malecite) — Single: 0

  69. Wolastoqewi (Malecite) — Multiple: 40

  70. Ojibway-Potawatomi languages — Total: 21,560

  71. Ojibway-Potawatomi languages — Single: 195

  72. Ojibway-Potawatomi languages — Multiple: 21,370

  73. Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) — Total: 135

  74. Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) — Single: 0

  75. Anicinabemowin (Algonquin) — Multiple: 135

  76. Oji-Cree — Total: 6,260

  77. Oji-Cree — Single: 115

  78. Oji-Cree — Multiple: 6,145

  79. Ojibway languages — Total: 15,530

  80. Ojibway languages — Single: 80

  81. Ojibway languages — Multiple: 15,450

  82. Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) — Total: 1,295

  83. Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) — Single: 0

  84. Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa) — Multiple: 1,295

  85. Daawaamwin (Odawa) — Total: 210

  86. Daawaamwin (Odawa) — Single: 0

  87. Daawaamwin (Odawa) — Multiple: 210

  88. Saulteau (Western Ojibway) — Total: 115

  89. Saulteau (Western Ojibway) — Single: 0

  90. Saulteau (Western Ojibway) — Multiple: 115

  91. Ojibway, n.o.s. — Total: 14,150

  92. Ojibway, n.o.s. — Single: 75

  93. Ojibway, n.o.s. — Multiple: 14,080

  94. Algonquian languages, n.i.e. — Total: 95

  95. Algonquian languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  96. Algonquian languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 95

  97. Athabaskan languages — Total: 115

  98. Athabaskan languages — Single: 0

  99. Athabaskan languages — Multiple: 115

  100. Northern Athabaskan languages — Total: 100

  101. Northern Athabaskan languages — Single: 0

  102. Northern Athabaskan languages — Multiple: 100

  103. Dakelh (Carrier) — Total: 0

  104. Dakelh (Carrier) — Single: 0

  105. Dakelh (Carrier) — Multiple: 0

  106. Dane-zaa (Beaver) — Total: 0

  107. Dane-zaa (Beaver) — Single: 0

  108. Dane-zaa (Beaver) — Multiple: 0

  109. Dene, n.o.s. — Total: 50

  110. Dene, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  111. Dene, n.o.s. — Multiple: 50

  112. Gwich'in — Total: 0

  113. Gwich'in — Single: 0

  114. Gwich'in — Multiple: 0

  115. Slavey-Hare languages — Total: 15

  116. Slavey-Hare languages — Single: 0

  117. Slavey-Hare languages — Multiple: 15

  118. Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) — Total: 0

  119. Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) — Single: 0

  120. Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey) — Multiple: 0

  121. Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) — Total: 0

  122. Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) — Single: 0

  123. Satuotine Yati (North Slavey) — Multiple: 0

  124. Slavey, n.o.s. — Total: 15

  125. Slavey, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  126. Slavey, n.o.s. — Multiple: 15

  127. Tahltan languages — Total: 10

  128. Tahltan languages — Single: 0

  129. Tahltan languages — Multiple: 10

  130. Kaska (Nahani) — Total: 0

  131. Kaska (Nahani) — Single: 0

  132. Kaska (Nahani) — Multiple: 0

  133. Tahltan — Total: 0

  134. Tahltan — Single: 0

  135. Tahltan — Multiple: 0

  136. Tlicho (Dogrib) — Total: 0

  137. Tlicho (Dogrib) — Single: 0

  138. Tlicho (Dogrib) — Multiple: 0

  139. Tse'khene (Sekani) — Total: 0

  140. Tse'khene (Sekani) — Single: 0

  141. Tse'khene (Sekani) — Multiple: 0

  142. Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) — Total: 0

  143. Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) — Single: 0

  144. Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) — Multiple: 0

  145. Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) — Total: 0

  146. Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) — Single: 0

  147. Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi) — Multiple: 0

  148. Tutchone languages — Total: 0

  149. Tutchone languages — Single: 0

  150. Tutchone languages — Multiple: 0

  151. Northern Tutchone — Total: 0

  152. Northern Tutchone — Single: 0

  153. Northern Tutchone — Multiple: 0

  154. Southern Tutchone — Total: 0

  155. Southern Tutchone — Single: 0

  156. Southern Tutchone — Multiple: 0

  157. Tutchone, n.o.s. — Total: 0

  158. Tutchone, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  159. Tutchone, n.o.s. — Multiple: 0

  160. Wetsuwet'en-Babine — Total: 25

  161. Wetsuwet'en-Babine — Single: 0

  162. Wetsuwet'en-Babine — Multiple: 25

  163. Tlingit — Total: 10

  164. Tlingit — Single: 0

  165. Tlingit — Multiple: 10

  166. Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. — Total: 0

  167. Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  168. Athabaskan languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 0

  169. Haida — Total: 0

  170. Haida — Single: 0

  171. Haida — Multiple: 0

  172. Inuktut (Inuit) languages — Total: 1,000

  173. Inuktut (Inuit) languages — Single: 0

  174. Inuktut (Inuit) languages — Multiple: 1,000

  175. Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) — Total: 20

  176. Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) — Single: 0

  177. Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun) — Multiple: 20

  178. Inuinnaqtun — Total: 20

  179. Inuinnaqtun — Single: 0

  180. Inuinnaqtun — Multiple: 20

  181. Inuvialuktun — Total: 0

  182. Inuvialuktun — Single: 0

  183. Inuvialuktun — Multiple: 0

  184. Inuktitut — Total: 970

  185. Inuktitut — Single: 0

  186. Inuktitut — Multiple: 970

  187. Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. — Total: 10

  188. Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  189. Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 10

  190. Iroquoian languages — Total: 1,630

  191. Iroquoian languages — Single: 0

  192. Iroquoian languages — Multiple: 1,625

  193. Cayuga — Total: 215

  194. Cayuga — Single: 0

  195. Cayuga — Multiple: 210

  196. Mohawk — Total: 1,220

  197. Mohawk — Single: 0

  198. Mohawk — Multiple: 1,220

  199. Oneida — Total: 215

  200. Oneida — Single: 0

  201. Oneida — Multiple: 215

  202. Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. — Total: 35

  203. Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  204. Iroquoian languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 35

  205. Ktunaxa (Kutenai) — Total: 0

  206. Ktunaxa (Kutenai) — Single: 0

  207. Ktunaxa (Kutenai) — Multiple: 0

  208. Michif — Total: 135

  209. Michif — Single: 0

  210. Michif — Multiple: 130

  211. Salish languages — Total: 65

  212. Salish languages — Single: 0

  213. Salish languages — Multiple: 65

  214. Halkomelem — Total: 0

  215. Halkomelem — Single: 0

  216. Halkomelem — Multiple: 0

  217. Lillooet — Total: 0

  218. Lillooet — Single: 0

  219. Lillooet — Multiple: 0

  220. Ntlakapamux (Thompson) — Total: 20

  221. Ntlakapamux (Thompson) — Single: 0

  222. Ntlakapamux (Thompson) — Multiple: 20

  223. Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) — Total: 10

  224. Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) — Single: 0

  225. Secwepemctsin (Shuswap) — Multiple: 10

  226. Squamish — Total: 0

  227. Squamish — Single: 0

  228. Squamish — Multiple: 0

  229. Straits — Total: 0

  230. Straits — Single: 0

  231. Straits — Multiple: 0

  232. Syilx (Okanagan) — Total: 0

  233. Syilx (Okanagan) — Single: 0

  234. Syilx (Okanagan) — Multiple: 0

  235. Salish languages, n.i.e. — Total: 20

  236. Salish languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  237. Salish languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 20

  238. Siouan languages — Total: 65

  239. Siouan languages — Single: 0

  240. Siouan languages — Multiple: 60

  241. Assiniboine — Total: 20

  242. Assiniboine — Single: 0

  243. Assiniboine — Multiple: 20

  244. Dakota — Total: 15

  245. Dakota — Single: 0

  246. Dakota — Multiple: 15

  247. Stoney — Total: 0

  248. Stoney — Single: 0

  249. Stoney — Multiple: 0

  250. Siouan languages, n.i.e. — Total: 30

  251. Siouan languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  252. Siouan languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 30

  253. Tsimshian languages — Total: 25

  254. Tsimshian languages — Single: 0

  255. Tsimshian languages — Multiple: 25

  256. Gitxsan (Gitksan) — Total: 10

  257. Gitxsan (Gitksan) — Single: 0

  258. Gitxsan (Gitksan) — Multiple: 10

  259. Nisga'a — Total: 15

  260. Nisga'a — Single: 0

  261. Nisga'a — Multiple: 15

  262. Tsimshian — Total: 0

  263. Tsimshian — Single: 0

  264. Tsimshian — Multiple: 0

  265. Wakashan languages — Total: 20

  266. Wakashan languages — Single: 0

  267. Wakashan languages — Multiple: 20

  268. Haisla — Total: 0

  269. Haisla — Single: 0

  270. Haisla — Multiple: 0

  271. Heiltsuk — Total: 0

  272. Heiltsuk — Single: 0

  273. Heiltsuk — Multiple: 0

  274. Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) — Total: 10

  275. Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) — Single: 0

  276. Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl) — Multiple: 10

  277. Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) — Total: 0

  278. Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) — Single: 0

  279. Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka) — Multiple: 0

  280. Wakashan languages, n.i.e. — Total: 0

  281. Wakashan languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  282. Wakashan languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 0

  283. Indigenous languages, n.i.e. — Total: 75

  284. Indigenous languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  285. Indigenous languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 75

  286. Indigenous languages, n.o.s. — Total: 245

  287. Indigenous languages, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  288. Indigenous languages, n.o.s. — Multiple: 245

  289. Non-Indigenous languages — Total: 5,029,350

  290. Non-Indigenous languages — Single: 289,050

  291. Non-Indigenous languages — Multiple: 4,740,295

  292. Afro-Asiatic languages — Total: 481,620

  293. Afro-Asiatic languages — Single: 21,045

  294. Afro-Asiatic languages — Multiple: 460,575

  295. Berber languages — Total: 1,575

  296. Berber languages — Single: 30

  297. Berber languages — Multiple: 1,545

  298. Kabyle — Total: 950

  299. Kabyle — Single: 0

  300. Kabyle — Multiple: 940

  301. Tamazight — Total: 475

  302. Tamazight — Single: 0

  303. Tamazight — Multiple: 475

  304. Berber languages, n.i.e. — Total: 220

  305. Berber languages, n.i.e. — Single: 20

  306. Berber languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 200

  307. Chadic languages — Total: 2,205

  308. Chadic languages — Single: 0

  309. Chadic languages — Multiple: 2,205

  310. Hausa — Total: 2,005

  311. Hausa — Single: 0

  312. Hausa — Multiple: 2,005

  313. Mina — Total: 200

  314. Mina — Single: 0

  315. Mina — Multiple: 200

  316. Coptic — Total: 2,130

  317. Coptic — Single: 20

  318. Coptic — Multiple: 2,115

  319. Cushitic languages — Total: 41,515

  320. Cushitic languages — Single: 1,900

  321. Cushitic languages — Multiple: 39,615

  322. Bilen — Total: 1,335

  323. Bilen — Single: 50

  324. Bilen — Multiple: 1,280

  325. Oromo — Total: 2,950

  326. Oromo — Single: 60

  327. Oromo — Multiple: 2,890

  328. Somali — Total: 36,825

  329. Somali — Single: 1,755

  330. Somali — Multiple: 35,075

  331. Cushitic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 810

  332. Cushitic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 35

  333. Cushitic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 775

  334. Semitic languages — Total: 443,215

  335. Semitic languages — Single: 19,095

  336. Semitic languages — Multiple: 424,115

  337. Amharic — Total: 22,820

  338. Amharic — Single: 310

  339. Amharic — Multiple: 22,510

  340. Arabic — Total: 342,860

  341. Arabic — Single: 16,575

  342. Arabic — Multiple: 326,285

  343. Aramaic languages — Total: 33,950

  344. Aramaic languages — Single: 1,365

  345. Aramaic languages — Multiple: 32,590

  346. Assyrian Neo-Aramaic — Total: 21,635

  347. Assyrian Neo-Aramaic — Single: 985

  348. Assyrian Neo-Aramaic — Multiple: 20,655

  349. Chaldean Neo-Aramaic — Total: 11,175

  350. Chaldean Neo-Aramaic — Single: 360

  351. Chaldean Neo-Aramaic — Multiple: 10,815

  352. Aramaic, n.o.s. — Total: 1,685

  353. Aramaic, n.o.s. — Single: 20

  354. Aramaic, n.o.s. — Multiple: 1,665

  355. Harari — Total: 1,610

  356. Harari — Single: 15

  357. Harari — Multiple: 1,600

  358. Hebrew — Total: 47,380

  359. Hebrew — Single: 100

  360. Hebrew — Multiple: 47,280

  361. Maltese — Total: 6,055

  362. Maltese — Single: 25

  363. Maltese — Multiple: 6,030

  364. Tigrigna — Total: 19,750

  365. Tigrigna — Single: 715

  366. Tigrigna — Multiple: 19,040

  367. Semitic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 685

  368. Semitic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  369. Semitic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 685

  370. Austro-Asiatic languages — Total: 115,350

  371. Austro-Asiatic languages — Single: 11,455

  372. Austro-Asiatic languages — Multiple: 103,900

  373. Khmer (Cambodian) — Total: 10,085

  374. Khmer (Cambodian) — Single: 710

  375. Khmer (Cambodian) — Multiple: 9,370

  376. Vietnamese — Total: 105,805

  377. Vietnamese — Single: 10,745

  378. Vietnamese — Multiple: 95,060

  379. Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e — Total: 280

  380. Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e — Single: 0

  381. Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e — Multiple: 280

  382. Austronesian languages — Total: 292,100

  383. Austronesian languages — Single: 1,510

  384. Austronesian languages — Multiple: 290,590

  385. Bikol — Total: 1,345

  386. Bikol — Single: 0

  387. Bikol — Multiple: 1,345

  388. Bisaya, n.o.s. — Total: 3,410

  389. Bisaya, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  390. Bisaya, n.o.s. — Multiple: 3,410

  391. Cebuano — Total: 11,100

  392. Cebuano — Single: 25

  393. Cebuano — Multiple: 11,080

  394. Fijian — Total: 210

  395. Fijian — Single: 0

  396. Fijian — Multiple: 210

  397. Hiligaynon — Total: 6,440

  398. Hiligaynon — Single: 10

  399. Hiligaynon — Multiple: 6,430

  400. Ilocano — Total: 26,205

  401. Ilocano — Single: 90

  402. Ilocano — Multiple: 26,115

  403. Indonesian — Total: 8,175

  404. Indonesian — Single: 60

  405. Indonesian — Multiple: 8,120

  406. Kankanaey — Total: 620

  407. Kankanaey — Single: 0

  408. Kankanaey — Multiple: 620

  409. Kinaray-a — Total: 305

  410. Kinaray-a — Single: 0

  411. Kinaray-a — Multiple: 305

  412. Malagasy languages — Total: 270

  413. Malagasy languages — Single: 0

  414. Malagasy languages — Multiple: 270

  415. Merina — Total: 40

  416. Merina — Single: 0

  417. Merina — Multiple: 40

  418. Malagasy, n.o.s. — Total: 235

  419. Malagasy, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  420. Malagasy, n.o.s. — Multiple: 235

  421. Malay — Total: 4,375

  422. Malay — Single: 15

  423. Malay — Multiple: 4,360

  424. Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) — Total: 3,385

  425. Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) — Single: 0

  426. Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango) — Multiple: 3,385

  427. Pangasinan — Total: 1,610

  428. Pangasinan — Single: 0

  429. Pangasinan — Multiple: 1,610

  430. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) — Total: 271,450

  431. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) — Single: 1,290

  432. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) — Multiple: 270,160

  433. Waray-Waray — Total: 1,810

  434. Waray-Waray — Single: 0

  435. Waray-Waray — Multiple: 1,805

  436. Austronesian languages, n.i.e. — Total: 6,850

  437. Austronesian languages, n.i.e. — Single: 30

  438. Austronesian languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 6,815

  439. Creole languages — Total: 36,585

  440. Creole languages — Single: 285

  441. Creole languages — Multiple: 36,300

  442. Haitian Creole — Total: 14,220

  443. Haitian Creole — Single: 225

  444. Haitian Creole — Multiple: 13,995

  445. Jamaican English Creole — Total: 3,385

  446. Jamaican English Creole — Single: 0

  447. Jamaican English Creole — Multiple: 3,385

  448. Krio — Total: 655

  449. Krio — Single: 0

  450. Krio — Multiple: 655

  451. Morisyen — Total: 5,645

  452. Morisyen — Single: 25

  453. Morisyen — Multiple: 5,620

  454. Sango — Total: 270

  455. Sango — Single: 10

  456. Sango — Multiple: 260

  457. Creole, n.o.s. — Total: 10,235

  458. Creole, n.o.s. — Single: 10

  459. Creole, n.o.s. — Multiple: 10,225

  460. Creole languages, n.i.e. — Total: 4,065

  461. Creole languages, n.i.e. — Single: 20

  462. Creole languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 4,050

  463. Dravidian languages — Total: 272,060

  464. Dravidian languages — Single: 11,290

  465. Dravidian languages — Multiple: 260,775

  466. Kannada — Total: 12,930

  467. Kannada — Single: 90

  468. Kannada — Multiple: 12,840

  469. Malayalam — Total: 48,020

  470. Malayalam — Single: 965

  471. Malayalam — Multiple: 47,060

  472. Tamil — Total: 192,890

  473. Tamil — Single: 9,635

  474. Tamil — Multiple: 183,255

  475. Telugu — Total: 38,190

  476. Telugu — Single: 600

  477. Telugu — Multiple: 37,595

  478. Tulu — Total: 1,225

  479. Tulu — Single: 0

  480. Tulu — Multiple: 1,225

  481. Dravidian languages, n.i.e. — Total: 685

  482. Dravidian languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  483. Dravidian languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 685

  484. Georgian — Total: 2,170

  485. Georgian — Single: 75

  486. Georgian — Multiple: 2,100

  487. Hmong-Mien languages — Total: 550

  488. Hmong-Mien languages — Single: 25

  489. Hmong-Mien languages — Multiple: 525

  490. Indo-European languages — Total: 2,941,405

  491. Indo-European languages — Single: 126,290

  492. Indo-European languages — Multiple: 2,815,110

  493. Albanian — Total: 26,720

  494. Albanian — Single: 1,400

  495. Albanian — Multiple: 25,320

  496. Armenian — Total: 19,610

  497. Armenian — Single: 245

  498. Armenian — Multiple: 19,365

  499. Balto-Slavic languages — Total: 470,085

  500. Balto-Slavic languages — Single: 15,210

  501. Balto-Slavic languages — Multiple: 454,870

  502. Baltic languages — Total: 9,715

  503. Baltic languages — Single: 0

  504. Baltic languages — Multiple: 9,710

  505. Latvian — Total: 4,215

  506. Latvian — Single: 0

  507. Latvian — Multiple: 4,215

  508. Lithuanian — Total: 5,525

  509. Lithuanian — Single: 0

  510. Lithuanian — Multiple: 5,515

  511. Slavic languages — Total: 462,520

  512. Slavic languages — Single: 15,200

  513. Slavic languages — Multiple: 447,320

  514. Belarusian — Total: 1,635

  515. Belarusian — Single: 10

  516. Belarusian — Multiple: 1,625

  517. Bulgarian — Total: 11,310

  518. Bulgarian — Single: 260

  519. Bulgarian — Multiple: 11,045

  520. Czech — Total: 13,130

  521. Czech — Single: 135

  522. Czech — Multiple: 12,990

  523. Macedonian — Total: 21,065

  524. Macedonian — Single: 365

  525. Macedonian — Multiple: 20,700

  526. Polish — Total: 134,980

  527. Polish — Single: 4,290

  528. Polish — Multiple: 130,690

  529. Russian — Total: 155,340

  530. Russian — Single: 6,345

  531. Russian — Multiple: 148,995

  532. Rusyn — Total: 295

  533. Rusyn — Single: 0

  534. Rusyn — Multiple: 290

  535. Serbo-Croatian — Total: 102,885

  536. Serbo-Croatian — Single: 2,630

  537. Serbo-Croatian — Multiple: 100,260

  538. Bosnian — Total: 13,895

  539. Bosnian — Single: 325

  540. Bosnian — Multiple: 13,570

  541. Croatian — Total: 48,075

  542. Croatian — Single: 630

  543. Croatian — Multiple: 47,450

  544. Serbian — Total: 58,045

  545. Serbian — Single: 1,670

  546. Serbian — Multiple: 56,375

  547. Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. — Total: 1,850

  548. Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. — Single: 10

  549. Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e. — Multiple: 1,845

  550. Slovak — Total: 11,725

  551. Slovak — Single: 330

  552. Slovak — Multiple: 11,395

  553. Slovene (Slovenian) — Total: 7,235

  554. Slovene (Slovenian) — Single: 25

  555. Slovene (Slovenian) — Multiple: 7,210

  556. Ukrainian — Total: 58,355

  557. Ukrainian — Single: 800

  558. Ukrainian — Multiple: 57,555

  559. Slavic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 500

  560. Slavic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  561. Slavic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 500

  562. Celtic languages — Total: 4,110

  563. Celtic languages — Single: 35

  564. Celtic languages — Multiple: 4,075

  565. Irish — Total: 2,340

  566. Irish — Single: 10

  567. Irish — Multiple: 2,335

  568. Scottish Gaelic — Total: 710

  569. Scottish Gaelic — Single: 10

  570. Scottish Gaelic — Multiple: 700

  571. Welsh — Total: 815

  572. Welsh — Single: 20

  573. Welsh — Multiple: 795

  574. Celtic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 285

  575. Celtic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  576. Celtic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 285

  577. Germanic languages — Total: 257,270

  578. Germanic languages — Single: 3,915

  579. Germanic languages — Multiple: 253,350

  580. Frisian — Total: 1,745

  581. Frisian — Single: 10

  582. Frisian — Multiple: 1,735

  583. High German languages — Total: 175,480

  584. High German languages — Single: 2,825

  585. High German languages — Multiple: 172,660

  586. German — Total: 158,120

  587. German — Single: 2,050

  588. German — Multiple: 156,070

  589. Pennsylvania German — Total: 10,365

  590. Pennsylvania German — Single: 730

  591. Pennsylvania German — Multiple: 9,640

  592. Swiss German — Total: 3,485

  593. Swiss German — Single: 20

  594. Swiss German — Multiple: 3,465

  595. Yiddish — Total: 6,100

  596. Yiddish — Single: 25

  597. Yiddish — Multiple: 6,080

  598. Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages — Total: 78,435

  599. Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages — Single: 1,070

  600. Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages — Multiple: 77,360

  601. Afrikaans — Total: 9,260

  602. Afrikaans — Single: 15

  603. Afrikaans — Multiple: 9,240

  604. Dutch — Total: 55,035

  605. Dutch — Single: 215

  606. Dutch — Multiple: 54,825

  607. Low German, n.o.s. — Total: 2,185

  608. Low German, n.o.s. — Single: 100

  609. Low German, n.o.s. — Multiple: 2,085

  610. Low Saxon — Total: 590

  611. Low Saxon — Single: 0

  612. Low Saxon — Multiple: 590

  613. Plautdietsch — Total: 10,245

  614. Plautdietsch — Single: 740

  615. Plautdietsch — Multiple: 9,500

  616. Vlaams (Flemish) — Total: 2,040

  617. Vlaams (Flemish) — Single: 0

  618. Vlaams (Flemish) — Multiple: 2,035

  619. Scandinavian languages — Total: 12,565

  620. Scandinavian languages — Single: 10

  621. Scandinavian languages — Multiple: 12,555

  622. Danish — Total: 5,170

  623. Danish — Single: 0

  624. Danish — Multiple: 5,170

  625. Icelandic — Total: 390

  626. Icelandic — Single: 0

  627. Icelandic — Multiple: 390

  628. Norwegian — Total: 2,385

  629. Norwegian — Single: 0

  630. Norwegian — Multiple: 2,380

  631. Swedish — Total: 5,345

  632. Swedish — Single: 0

  633. Swedish — Multiple: 5,335

  634. Germanic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 480

  635. Germanic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  636. Germanic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 475

  637. Greek — Total: 76,325

  638. Greek — Single: 2,660

  639. Greek — Multiple: 73,665

  640. Indo-Iranian languages — Total: 1,244,890

  641. Indo-Iranian languages — Single: 51,860

  642. Indo-Iranian languages — Multiple: 1,193,030

  643. Indo-Aryan languages — Total: 1,049,480

  644. Indo-Aryan languages — Single: 39,940

  645. Indo-Aryan languages — Multiple: 1,009,545

  646. Assamese — Total: 725

  647. Assamese — Single: 0

  648. Assamese — Multiple: 720

  649. Bengali — Total: 76,975

  650. Bengali — Single: 1,635

  651. Bengali — Multiple: 75,345

  652. Gujarati — Total: 143,240

  653. Gujarati — Single: 4,490

  654. Gujarati — Multiple: 138,750

  655. Hindi — Total: 436,125

  656. Hindi — Single: 1,705

  657. Hindi — Multiple: 434,425

  658. Kacchi — Total: 8,145

  659. Kacchi — Single: 45

  660. Kacchi — Multiple: 8,100

  661. Kashmiri — Total: 1,080

  662. Kashmiri — Single: 0

  663. Kashmiri — Multiple: 1,080

  664. Konkani — Total: 6,745

  665. Konkani — Single: 15

  666. Konkani — Multiple: 6,730

  667. Marathi — Total: 24,775

  668. Marathi — Single: 115

  669. Marathi — Multiple: 24,660

  670. Nepali — Total: 17,105

  671. Nepali — Single: 1,265

  672. Nepali — Multiple: 15,840

  673. Oriya languages — Total: 2,545

  674. Oriya languages — Single: 25

  675. Oriya languages — Multiple: 2,520

  676. Odia — Total: 1,425

  677. Odia — Single: 25

  678. Odia — Multiple: 1,405

  679. Oriya, n.o.s. — Total: 1,135

  680. Oriya, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  681. Oriya, n.o.s. — Multiple: 1,135

  682. Punjabi (Panjabi) — Total: 397,865

  683. Punjabi (Panjabi) — Single: 24,635

  684. Punjabi (Panjabi) — Multiple: 373,230

  685. Rohingya — Total: 370

  686. Rohingya — Single: 70

  687. Rohingya — Multiple: 305

  688. Sindhi — Total: 5,595

  689. Sindhi — Single: 15

  690. Sindhi — Multiple: 5,580

  691. Sinhala (Sinhalese) — Total: 21,630

  692. Sinhala (Sinhalese) — Single: 215

  693. Sinhala (Sinhalese) — Multiple: 21,415

  694. Urdu — Total: 295,175

  695. Urdu — Single: 5,680

  696. Urdu — Multiple: 289,495

  697. Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. — Total: 5,965

  698. Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. — Single: 30

  699. Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 5,940

  700. Iranian languages — Total: 210,365

  701. Iranian languages — Single: 11,925

  702. Iranian languages — Multiple: 198,445

  703. Baluchi — Total: 525

  704. Baluchi — Single: 0

  705. Baluchi — Multiple: 525

  706. Kurdish — Total: 13,875

  707. Kurdish — Single: 675

  708. Kurdish — Multiple: 13,195

  709. Parsi — Total: 525

  710. Parsi — Single: 0

  711. Parsi — Multiple: 525

  712. Pashto — Total: 20,790

  713. Pashto — Single: 845

  714. Pashto — Multiple: 19,940

  715. Persian languages — Total: 183,830

  716. Persian languages — Single: 10,375

  717. Persian languages — Multiple: 173,460

  718. Dari — Total: 47,645

  719. Dari — Single: 3,465

  720. Dari — Multiple: 44,175

  721. Iranian Persian — Total: 122,300

  722. Iranian Persian — Single: 6,145

  723. Iranian Persian — Multiple: 116,160

  724. Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. — Total: 16,610

  725. Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. — Single: 760

  726. Persian (Farsi), n.o.s. — Multiple: 15,855

  727. Iranian languages, n.i.e. — Total: 1,040

  728. Iranian languages, n.i.e. — Single: 30

  729. Iranian languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 1,015

  730. Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. — Total: 1,295

  731. Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  732. Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 1,295

  733. Italic (Romance) languages — Total: 922,975

  734. Italic (Romance) languages — Single: 50,950

  735. Italic (Romance) languages — Multiple: 872,020

  736. Catalan — Total: 765

  737. Catalan — Single: 0

  738. Catalan — Multiple: 765

  739. Italian — Total: 312,800

  740. Italian — Single: 13,980

  741. Italian — Multiple: 298,815

  742. Portuguese — Total: 208,570

  743. Portuguese — Single: 17,525

  744. Portuguese — Multiple: 191,050

  745. Romanian — Total: 48,320

  746. Romanian — Single: 1,720

  747. Romanian — Multiple: 46,595

  748. Spanish — Total: 401,210

  749. Spanish — Single: 17,685

  750. Spanish — Multiple: 383,525

  751. Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. — Total: 2,355

  752. Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. — Single: 40

  753. Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 2,315

  754. Indo-European languages, n.i.e. — Total: 915

  755. Indo-European languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  756. Indo-European languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 910

  757. Japanese — Total: 30,700

  758. Japanese — Single: 800

  759. Japanese — Multiple: 29,900

  760. Korean — Total: 90,475

  761. Korean — Single: 7,860

  762. Korean — Multiple: 82,620

  763. Mongolian — Total: 750

  764. Mongolian — Single: 40

  765. Mongolian — Multiple: 705

  766. Niger-Congo languages — Total: 106,845

  767. Niger-Congo languages — Single: 695

  768. Niger-Congo languages — Multiple: 106,155

  769. Akan (Twi) — Total: 17,575

  770. Akan (Twi) — Single: 105

  771. Akan (Twi) — Multiple: 17,470

  772. Bamanankan — Total: 755

  773. Bamanankan — Single: 0

  774. Bamanankan — Multiple: 755

  775. Edo — Total: 3,205

  776. Edo — Single: 0

  777. Edo — Multiple: 3,205

  778. Éwé — Total: 1,190

  779. Éwé — Single: 0

  780. Éwé — Multiple: 1,185

  781. Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) — Total: 1,010

  782. Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) — Single: 25

  783. Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde) — Multiple: 985

  784. Ga — Total: 1,870

  785. Ga — Single: 0

  786. Ga — Multiple: 1,870

  787. Ganda — Total: 2,760

  788. Ganda — Single: 0

  789. Ganda — Multiple: 2,755

  790. Gikuyu — Total: 1,085

  791. Gikuyu — Single: 0

  792. Gikuyu — Multiple: 1,085

  793. Igbo — Total: 8,110

  794. Igbo — Single: 15

  795. Igbo — Multiple: 8,100

  796. Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) — Total: 4,020

  797. Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) — Single: 50

  798. Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) — Multiple: 3,970

  799. Lingala — Total: 7,320

  800. Lingala — Single: 10

  801. Lingala — Multiple: 7,305

  802. Luba-Kasai — Total: 1,045

  803. Luba-Kasai — Single: 0

  804. Luba-Kasai — Multiple: 1,045

  805. Mòoré — Total: 235

  806. Mòoré — Single: 0

  807. Mòoré — Multiple: 235

  808. Mwani — Total: 520

  809. Mwani — Single: 0

  810. Mwani — Multiple: 520

  811. Ndebele — Total: 855

  812. Ndebele — Single: 10

  813. Ndebele — Multiple: 845

  814. Rundi (Kirundi) — Total: 4,895

  815. Rundi (Kirundi) — Single: 110

  816. Rundi (Kirundi) — Multiple: 4,785

  817. Shona — Total: 3,040

  818. Shona — Single: 0

  819. Shona — Multiple: 3,040

  820. Soninke — Total: 285

  821. Soninke — Single: 0

  822. Soninke — Multiple: 280

  823. Sotho-Tswana languages — Total: 635

  824. Sotho-Tswana languages — Single: 0

  825. Sotho-Tswana languages — Multiple: 635

  826. Swahili — Total: 24,360

  827. Swahili — Single: 215

  828. Swahili — Multiple: 24,145

  829. Wojenaka — Total: 260

  830. Wojenaka — Single: 0

  831. Wojenaka — Multiple: 260

  832. Wolof — Total: 1,495

  833. Wolof — Single: 0

  834. Wolof — Multiple: 1,490

  835. Yoruba — Total: 24,375

  836. Yoruba — Single: 70

  837. Yoruba — Multiple: 24,300

  838. Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. — Total: 12,825

  839. Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. — Single: 50

  840. Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 12,780

  841. Nilo-Saharan languages — Total: 3,210

  842. Nilo-Saharan languages — Single: 115

  843. Nilo-Saharan languages — Multiple: 3,090

  844. Dinka — Total: 470

  845. Dinka — Single: 15

  846. Dinka — Multiple: 460

  847. Nuer — Total: 585

  848. Nuer — Single: 25

  849. Nuer — Multiple: 555

  850. Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. — Total: 2,150

  851. Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. — Single: 75

  852. Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 2,075

  853. African, n.o.s. — Total: 835

  854. African, n.o.s. — Single: 0

  855. African, n.o.s. — Multiple: 835

  856. Sign languages — Total: 18,990

  857. Sign languages — Single: 2,775

  858. Sign languages — Multiple: 16,215

  859. American Sign Language — Total: 16,685

  860. American Sign Language — Single: 2,150

  861. American Sign Language — Multiple: 14,540

  862. Quebec Sign Language — Total: 380

  863. Quebec Sign Language — Single: 30

  864. Quebec Sign Language — Multiple: 350

  865. Sign languages, n.i.e. — Total: 2,600

  866. Sign languages, n.i.e. — Single: 600

  867. Sign languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 2,005

  868. Sino-Tibetan languages — Total: 747,155

  869. Sino-Tibetan languages — Single: 100,850

  870. Sino-Tibetan languages — Multiple: 646,315

  871. Chinese languages — Total: 734,190

  872. Chinese languages — Single: 99,950

  873. Chinese languages — Multiple: 634,240

  874. Hakka — Total: 8,755

  875. Hakka — Single: 325

  876. Hakka — Multiple: 8,435

  877. Mandarin — Total: 467,420

  878. Mandarin — Single: 57,540

  879. Mandarin — Multiple: 409,880

  880. Min Dong — Total: 1,455

  881. Min Dong — Single: 110

  882. Min Dong — Multiple: 1,340

  883. Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) — Total: 18,025

  884. Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) — Single: 455

  885. Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese) — Multiple: 17,570

  886. Wu (Shanghainese) — Total: 6,720

  887. Wu (Shanghainese) — Single: 185

  888. Wu (Shanghainese) — Multiple: 6,535

  889. Yue (Cantonese) — Total: 352,135

  890. Yue (Cantonese) — Single: 40,630

  891. Yue (Cantonese) — Multiple: 311,500

  892. Chinese, n.o.s. — Total: 5,200

  893. Chinese, n.o.s. — Single: 675

  894. Chinese, n.o.s. — Multiple: 4,520

  895. Chinese languages, n.i.e. — Total: 520

  896. Chinese languages, n.i.e. — Single: 25

  897. Chinese languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 490

  898. Tibeto-Burman languages — Total: 13,135

  899. Tibeto-Burman languages — Single: 890

  900. Tibeto-Burman languages — Multiple: 12,245

  901. Burmese — Total: 2,570

  902. Burmese — Single: 80

  903. Burmese — Multiple: 2,490

  904. Kuki-Chin languages — Total: 600

  905. Kuki-Chin languages — Single: 0

  906. Kuki-Chin languages — Multiple: 595

  907. Karenic languages — Total: 2,255

  908. Karenic languages — Single: 350

  909. Karenic languages — Multiple: 1,910

  910. S'gaw Karen — Total: 1,975

  911. S'gaw Karen — Single: 330

  912. S'gaw Karen — Multiple: 1,645

  913. Karenic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 385

  914. Karenic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 20

  915. Karenic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 365

  916. Tibetan — Total: 7,475

  917. Tibetan — Single: 445

  918. Tibetan — Multiple: 7,025

  919. Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. — Total: 985

  920. Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. — Single: 10

  921. Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 975

  922. Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. — Total: 565

  923. Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  924. Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 565

  925. Tai-Kadai languages — Total: 12,655

  926. Tai-Kadai languages — Single: 620

  927. Tai-Kadai languages — Multiple: 12,035

  928. Lao — Total: 7,370

  929. Lao — Single: 315

  930. Lao — Multiple: 7,055

  931. Thai — Total: 6,205

  932. Thai — Single: 295

  933. Thai — Multiple: 5,905

  934. Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. — Total: 335

  935. Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. — Single: 10

  936. Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 330

  937. Turkic languages — Total: 52,200

  938. Turkic languages — Single: 1,795

  939. Turkic languages — Multiple: 50,405

  940. Azerbaijani — Total: 5,910

  941. Azerbaijani — Single: 50

  942. Azerbaijani — Multiple: 5,860

  943. Kazakh — Total: 710

  944. Kazakh — Single: 0

  945. Kazakh — Multiple: 710

  946. Turkish — Total: 44,815

  947. Turkish — Single: 1,670

  948. Turkish — Multiple: 43,145

  949. Uyghur — Total: 825

  950. Uyghur — Single: 30

  951. Uyghur — Multiple: 795

  952. Uzbek — Total: 2,095

  953. Uzbek — Single: 35

  954. Uzbek — Multiple: 2,055

  955. Turkic languages, n.i.e. — Total: 1,075

  956. Turkic languages, n.i.e. — Single: 0

  957. Turkic languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 1,075

  958. Uralic languages — Total: 52,020

  959. Uralic languages — Single: 1,505

  960. Uralic languages — Multiple: 50,520

  961. Estonian — Total: 4,010

  962. Estonian — Single: 20

  963. Estonian — Multiple: 3,985

  964. Finnish — Total: 9,455

  965. Finnish — Single: 120

  966. Finnish — Multiple: 9,335

  967. Hungarian — Total: 38,695

  968. Hungarian — Single: 1,360

  969. Hungarian — Multiple: 37,330

  970. Other languages, n.i.e. — Total: 2,145

  971. Other languages, n.i.e. — Single: 30

  972. Other languages, n.i.e. — Multiple: 2,120

Source notes and qualifications

Source research status: draft-partial. Recorded review flag: pending-independent-review.

Categories include hierarchies and aggregate labels; never add parents to their children.

Multiple responses and language knowledge can overlap; these are not mutually exclusive population shares.

Null values and source symbols are preserved; zero is not imputed for suppression.

Published categories may group languages as other, not included elsewhere, or unspecified.

Mother tongue and language most often at home exclude institutional residents; knowledge uses the 25% sample private-household universe.

Source ZIP metadata retains footnotes, data-quality notes, category hierarchy and confidentiality rules. The 2022-09-07 knowledge-of-languages correction is recorded in the source register and official table page; the archived ZIP correction section is empty.

[1] Age 'Age' refers to the age of a person (or subject) of interest at last birthday (or relative to a specified, well-defined reference date).

[2] Gender Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman). Gender includes the following concepts: gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually; gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (e.g., clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender. A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's licence. A person's gender may change over time. Some people may not identify with a specific gender.

[3] Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is sometimes necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. In these cases, individuals in the category “non-binary persons” are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the “+” symbol.

[4] This category includes men and boys, as well as some non-binary persons.

[5] This category includes women and girls, as well as some non-binary persons.

[6] Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. Knowledge of non-official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

[7] n.i.e. = not included elsewhere n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

[8] For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

[9] Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. Knowledge of non-official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objective of the survey.

[10] The total single and multiple language responses indicates the number of respondents who reported each language, either as their only response, or in combination with another language. Total responses represent the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the census.

[11] For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2021.

[12] A single language response occurs when a respondent provides one language only.

[13] A multiple language response occurs when a respondent provides two or more languages.

[14] Users should be aware that estimates associated with Indigenous languages are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain reserves and settlements in the Census of Population.

Correction dated 2022-09-07; source accessed 2026-11-05. The correction date is recorded in the frozen source register and confirmed by the separately captured official table page. The archived knowledge-language ZIP metadata correction section is empty. Official correction source ↗

Source metadata record
{
  "path": "evidence/knowledge-language-metadata.csv",
  "sha256": "06184157f213bb2e2d45b52205e7160b75ed3c2400cfa4b4634c5e9ea4619f5e"
}
Source context

Reference period: 2021 Census.

Persons in private households in occupied private dwellings, 25% sample

Source [10]

source Extract Sha256
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source Register Sha256
1da486b30b041d39f224390d341663cb94a30ded4089945fb1196a00a09ccbf4
original Source Notes Sha256
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Regional profile

Reference text

Ontario is a Canadian province in the Central Canada; its capital is Toronto. The 2021 Census counted 14,223,942 residents and 5,491,201 private dwellings occupied by usual residents. Its unofficial census land area for calculating density was 892,411.76 square kilometres. Among residents aged 25 to 64 in private households, 67.8% reported a postsecondary credential as their highest qualification in the 2021 census sample. Census counts exclude one or more incompletely enumerated reserves or settlements. (Mixed source periods; see each observation) [2] [3] [4]
Source context

Reference period: Mixed source periods; see each observation.

Source [2]

Source [3]

Source [4]

More regional observations →

Local division chapters

Open a county, district or equivalent division for its own subject sections and sources. Membership is recorded by the cited geographic source; a source access date does not establish the historical effective date of a boundary.

Notes & sources

  1. Provinces and territories

    Publisher: Government of Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: Not supplied. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Lists 10 provinces and three territories.

    Open original source ↗

  2. Population and dwelling counts: Canada and census divisions

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2022-02-09. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  3. Discover Canada: Canada’s Regions

    Publisher: Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: Not supplied. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  4. Highest level of education by geography: Canada, provinces and territories

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2022-11-30. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  5. Life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex, three-year average, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups (2023 boundaries and names)

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2026-10-30. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  6. Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2026-11-05. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  7. Population estimates, quarterly

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2026-09-23. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  8. Mother tongue by knowledge of official languages: Canada, provinces and territories and economic regions

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2022-08-17. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  9. First official language spoken by language spoken most often at home: Canada, provinces and territories and economic regions

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2022-08-17. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

  10. Knowledge of languages by age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts

    Publisher: Statistics Canada

    Reference period: As stated with each observation.

    Source release: 2022-08-17. Accessed: 2026-11-05.

    Open original source ↗

Countries & territories

Same-year values. Equal values share a rank.

Sources & method

Ranks cover available countries and territories, using the same indicator, source unit and reference year. Unrounded source values determine ties. Coverage is not a sovereign-country or complete global ranking; national definitions may differ. Missing values and other years are excluded. The information icon preserves the original number, unit and evidence.

RankCountry or territoryValue
Source information
International organization

Source observations